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Malware

Malicious Software Threats

14 min read Updated 2024

Types of Malware

Viruses

Self-replicating code that infects files

Classic

Trojans

Malicious code disguised as legitimate software

Deceptive

Ransomware

Encrypts files and demands payment

Extortion

Spyware

Secretly monitors user activity

Surveillance

Infection Vectors

Phishing EmailsMalicious attachments or links
Drive-by DownloadsCompromised websites auto-download malware
Removable MediaInfected USB drives spread malware
Software BundlesMalware hidden in free software

Advanced Threats

State-Sponsored Malware
Pegasus - Mobile device zero-click exploitation
FinFisher - Commercial government spyware
Stuxnet - Industrial control system targeting
EternalBlue - NSA exploit leaked publicly

Protection Measures

  • Keep operating systems and software updated
  • Use reputable security software
  • Don't open unexpected attachments
  • Download software only from official sources
  • Use virtual machines for untrusted files
  • Regular backups (offline/air-gapped)
  • Principle of least privilege